WHO. Pahayag sa ikalabinlimang pulong ng IHR (2005) Emergency Committee sa COVID-19 pandemic 2023 [Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/05-05-2023-statement-on-the-fifteenth-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-pandemic.
Hale T, Angrist N, Kira B, Petherick A, Phillips T, Webster S. Variation in government responses to COVID-19. 2020.
Eyawo O, Viens A, Ugoji UC. Lockdowns and low-and middle-income countries: building a feasible, effective, and ethical COVID-19 response strategy. Glob Health. 2021;17(1):13.
Borg MA. Cultural determinants of infection control behaviour: understanding drivers and implementing effective change. J Hosp Infect. 2014;86(3):161–8.
Min H, Lee CC, Joo S-J. Assessing the efficiency of the Covid-19 control measures and public health policy in OECD countries from cultural perspectives. Benchmarking: Int J. 2022;29(6):1781–96.
Hills S, Eraso Y. Factors associated with non-adherence to social distancing rules during the COVID-19 pandemic: a logistic regression analysis. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1–25.
Hussain A. Stringency in policy responses to Covid-19 pandemic and social distancing behavior in selected countries. Stringency in Policy Responses to Covid-19 Pandemic and Social Distancing Behavior in Selected Countries (April 20, 2020). 2020.
Cepaluni G, Dorsch MT, Kovarek D. Mobility and policy responses during the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2020. Int J Publ Health. 2022;67. https://www.ssph-journal.org/articles/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604663/full.
Eraso Y, Hills S. Intentional and unintentional non-adherence to social distancing measures during COVID-19: A mixed-methods analysis. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(8):e0256495.
Murphy K, Williamson H, Sargeant E, McCarthy M. Why people comply with COVID-19 social distancing restrictions: Self-interest or duty? Aust N Z J Criminol. 2020;53(4):477–96.
Williams SN, Armitage CJ, Tampe T, Dienes KA. Public perceptions of non-adherence to pandemic protection measures by self and others: a study of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. PLoS ONE. 2021;16(10):e0258781.
Simon HA. A behavioral model of rational choice. Quart J Econ. 1955:99–118.
Reinholtz N, Maglio SJ, Spiller SA. Stocks, flows, and risk response to pandemic data. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021;27(4):657.
Leung XY, Cai R. How pandemic severity moderates digital food ordering risks during COVID-19: An application of prospect theory and risk perception framework. J Hosp Tour Manag. 2021;47:497–505.
Adiyoso W, Wilopo. Social distancing intentions to reduce the spread of COVID-19: The extended theory of planned behavior. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):1836.
Garfin DR, Fischhoff B, Holman EA, Silver RC. Risk perceptions and health behaviors as COVID-19 emerged in the United States: results from a probability-based nationally representative sample. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021;27(4):584.
Allcott H, Boxell L, Conway J, Gentzkow M, Thaler M, Yang D. Polarization and public health: Partisan differences in social distancing during the coronavirus pandemic. J Public Econ. 2020;191:104254.
Demeritt A, Hoff K. The making of behavioral development economics. Histor Pol Econ. 2018;50(S1):303–22.
Hoff K, Stiglitz JE. Striving for balance in economics: Towards a theory of the social determination of behavior. J Econ Behav Organ. 2016;126:25–57.
Deopa N, Coronagraben FP. Culture and social distancing in times of COVID-19. SSRN; 2020.
Sagiv L, Roccas S, Cieciuch J, Schwartz SH. Personal values in human life. Nat Hum Behav. 2017;1(9):630–9.
Pei R, Cosme D, Andrews ME, Mattan BD, Carreras-Tartak J, Falk EB. Cultural influence on COVID-19 cognitions and growth speed: The role of collectivism. Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2023;17(12):e12908. https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/spc3.12908.
Zhang J, Li H, Yang K. A meta-analysis of the government performance—trust link: taking cultural and methodological factors into account. Public Adm Rev. 2022;82(1):39–58.
Dryhurst S, Schneider CR, Kerr J, Freeman AL, Recchia G, Van Der Bles AM, et al. Risk perceptions of COVID-19 around the world. J Risk Res. 2020;23(7–8):994–1006.
Yeganeh H, May D. Cultural values and gender gap: a cross-national analysis. Gender Manage Int J. 2011;26(2):106–21.
Schwartz S. A theory of cultural value orientations: Explication and applications. Comp Sociol. 2006;5(2–3):137–82.
Kaasa A. Merging Hofstede, Schwartz, and Inglehart into a single system. J Cross-Cult Psychol. 2021;52(4):339–53.
Xu S. When individual cultural orientation and mediated portrayal of risk intersect: Effects of individualism–collectivism and media framing on risk perception and attribution of responsibility. J Contingen Crisis Manage. 2018;26(4):499–509.
Germani A, Buratta L, Delvecchio E, Mazzeschi C. Emerging adults and COVID-19: the role of individualism-collectivism on perceived risks and psychological maladjustment. Int J Environ Res Publ Health. 2020;17(10).
Wang X. The role of perceived susceptibility and collectivist values in support for using social distancing to prevent COVID-19 in the United States. J Prev Health Promotion. 2021;2(2):268–93.
Chen C, Frey CB, Presidente G. Culture and contagion: Individualism and compliance with COVID-19 policy. J Econ Behav Organ. 2021;190:191–200.
Lewicka M, Hay JL, Waters EA, Schofield E, Orom H, Kiviniemi MT. Worldview orientations and personal and social risk perceptions for COVID-19 in a US population-based sample. J Prev. 2023;44(1):53–68.
Atalay S, Solmazer G. The relationship between cultural value orientations and the changes in mobility during the covid-19 pandemic: a national-level analysis. Front Psychol. 2021;12:578190.
Dheer RJ, Egri CP, Treviño LJ. A cross-cultural exploratory analysis of pandemic growth: The case of COVID-19. J Int Bus Stud. 2021;52(9):871–92.
Guss CD, Tuason MT. Individualism and egalitarianism can kill: how cultural values predict coronavirus deaths across the globe. Front Psychol. 2021;12:620490.
Rippl S. Cultural theory and risk perception: a proposal for a better measurement. J Risk Res. 2002;5(2):147–65.
Cornia A, Dressel K, Pfeil P. Risk cultures and dominant approaches towards disasters in seven European countries. J Risk Res. 2016;19(3):288–304.
Google. Google COVID-19 community mobility reports. 2020 [Available from: https://www.google.com/covid19/mobility/.2020.
Yang Y, Mao Z, Wen Z. Pandemic severity, policy stringency, and tourism performance: a global analysis. J Travel Res. 2021;61(8):1928–46.
Dong E, Du H, Gardner L. An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(5):533–4.
Nations U. human development index 2019 [Available from: https://hdr.undp.org/en/indicators/137506.
Nations U. Population Density 2021 [Available from: https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/CSV/.
Bank W. International Comparison Program: World Development Indicators 2021 [Available from: https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0037712.
Huynh TLD. Does culture matter social distancing under the COVID-19 pandemic? Saf Sci. 2020;130:104872.
Merlo J, Chaix B, Yang M, Lynch J, Rastam L. A brief conceptual tutorial of multilevel analysis in social epidemiology: linking the statistical concept of clustering to the idea of contextual phenomenon. J Epidemiol Commun Health. 2005;59(6):443–9.
Aguinis H, Gottfredson RK, Culpepper SA. Best-practice recommendations for estimating cross-level interaction effects using multilevel modeling. J Manag. 2013;39(6):1490–528.
WHO. WHO issues its first emergency use validation for a COVID-19 vaccine and emphasizes need for equitable global access. 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/31-12-2020-who-issues-its-first-emergency-use-validation-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-and-emphasizes-need-for-equitable-global-access.
Grundel SM, Heyder S, Hotz T, Ritschel TKS, Sauerteig P, Worthmann K. How to coordinate vaccination and social distancing to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. SIAM J Appl Dyn Syst. 2021;20(2):1135–57.
Yuan Y, Deng Z, Chen M, Yin D, Zheng J, Liu Y, et al. Changes in mental health and preventive behaviors before and after COVID-19 vaccination: a Propensity Score Matching (PSM) study. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(9).
Gamtkitsulashvili T, Plekhanov A. Mobility and economic activity around the world during the covid-19 crisis. Appl Econ Lett. 2023;30(5):608–14.
Kahn JH. Multilevel modeling: overview and applications to research in counseling psychology. J Couns Psychol. 2011;58(2):257–71.
Askitas N, Tatsiramos K, Verheyden B. Estimating worldwide effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 incidence and population mobility patterns using a multiple-event study. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1972.
Bauer DJ, Curran PJ. Probing Interactions in Fixed and Multilevel Regression: Inferential and Graphical Techniques. Multivar Behav Res. 2005;40:373–400.
Linas BP, Xiao J, Dalgic OO, Mueller PP, Adee M, Aaron A, et al. Projecting COVID-19 mortality as states relax nonpharmacologic interventions. JAMA Health Forum. 2022;3(4):e220760.
Ashraf BN, El Ghoul S, Goodell JW, Guedhami O. What does COVID-19 teach us about the role of national culture? Evidence from social distancing restrictions. J Int Finan Markets Inst Money. 2022;80:101647.
Shrum TR, Nowak SA, Merrill SC, Hanley JP, Liu T-L, Clark EM, et al. Pro-environmental attitudes, altruism, and COVID-19 risk management behavior. J Risk Res. 2022;25(11–12):1356–71.
Wolsko C, Ariceaga H, Seiden J. Red, white, and blue enough to be green: Effects of moral framing on climate change attitudes and conservation behaviors. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2016;65:7–19.
Kenrick DT, Griskevicius V, Sundie JM, Li NP, Li YJ, Neuberg SL. Deep Rationality: The Evolutionary Economics of Decision Making. Soc Cogn. 2009;27(5):764–85.
Gigerenzer G, Selten R. Bounded rationality: The adaptive toolbox: MIT press; 2002.
Limb M. Covid-19: Is the government dismantling pandemic systems too hastily? BMJ. 2022;376:o515.
Levy D, Glimcher P. Common value representation—A neuroeconomics perspective. Handbook of value: Perspective from economics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology and sociology. 2016: 85–118.
Chai S-K. Rational choice and culture: clashing perspectives or complementary modes of analysis? Culture matters: Routledge; 2018. p. 45–56.
Vieites Y, Ramos GA, Andrade EB, Pereira C, Medeiros A. Can self-protective behaviors increase unrealistic optimism? Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021;27(4):621–31.
Luckman A, Zeitoun H, Isoni A, Loomes G, Vlaev I, Powdthavee N, et al. Risk compensation during COVID-19: the impact of face mask usage on social distancing. J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021;27(4):722–38.
Stepanova M, Lam B, Younossi E, Felix S, Ziayee M, Price J, et al. The impact of variants and vaccination on the mortality and resource utilization of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22(1):702.
Shearston JA, Martinez ME, Nunez Y, Hilpert M. Social-distancing fatigue: Evidence from real-time crowd-sourced traffic data. Sci Total Environ. 2021;792:148336.
Lu JG, Jin P, English AS. Collectivism predicts mask use during COVID-19. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2021;118(23):e2021793118.
Kontokosta CE, Hong B, Bonczak BJ. Measuring sensitivity to social distancing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):16350.
Bavel JJV, Baicker K, Boggio PS, Capraro V, Cichocka A, Cikara M, et al. Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nat Hum Behav. 2020;4(5):460–71.
Zarocostas J. How to fight an infodemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10225):676.
Cato S, Iida T, Ishida K, Ito A, Katsumata H, McElwain KM, et al. Social media infodemics and social distancing under the COVID-19 pandemic: public good provisions under uncertainty. Glob Health Action. 2021;14(1):1995958.